Επιπτώσεις στις ελληνικές εξαγωγές από την επιβολή νέων εισαγωγικών δασμών στις ΗΠΑ

Τι ισχύει γενικά για τις ελληνικές εξαγωγές στις ΗΠΑ από 23/7/2026: δασμός 10%

Το Γραφείο ΟΕΥ της Πρεσβείας της Ελλάδας στην Ουάσιγκτων απέστειλε ενημερωτικό σημείωμα σχετικά με τις επιπτώσεις στις ελληνικές εξαγωγές από την επιβολή νέων εισαγωγικών δασμών στις ΗΠΑ.

Συγκεκριμένα, στις 23/7/2026, η αμερικανική κυβέρνηση θέσπισε ένα νέο παγκόσμιο δασμολογικό καθεστώς,  με άμεση ισχύ, που καλύπτει την συντριπτική πλειοψηφία των εισαγωγών από τις ΗΠΑ.

Για τις εισαγωγές από την Ελλάδα και τα λοιπά κράτη – μέλη ΕΕ, ισχύει καθαρός συνολικός δασμός 10%, βάσει του Άρθρου 301 FL., χωρίς να εξαρτάται από το ύψος του δασμού MFN (Πλέον Ευνοουμένου Κράτους).

Βάσει αυτού, η Ελλάδα βρίσκεται στην πιο ευνοημένη ομάδα χωρών, καθώς άλλες χώρες αντιμετωπίζουν είτε συνολικό δασμό 12,5%, είτε 10% + MFN, είτε 12,5% + MFN.

Συγκριτικά, η Τουρκία και οι χώρες της Βόρειας Αφρικής, αντιμετωπίζουν δασμό 12,5% + MFN.

Πηγή: USTR, Federal Registry

Τα μέτρα έχουν δημοσιευθεί στο US Federal Registry, Docket numbers USTR-2026-0265,  USTR-2026-0266.

Προϊόντα που εξαιρούνται του νέου δασμού 10%, άρα ισχύει μόνον ο δασμός MFN

Από το σύνολο των δασμολογικών κλάσεων που εξαιρούνται από τον νέο δασμό του Άρθρου 301 FL ύψους 10% (Παράρτημα Ι), επομένως επιβαρύνονται μόνο με τον δασμό MFN, απομονώσαμε αυτές στις οποίες είχαμε ελληνικές εξαγωγές το 2025.

Ο δασμός MFN (πλέον ευνοουμένου κράτους) είναι αυτός που ίσχυε πριν από την έναρξη επιβολής δασμών κατά την 2η περιόδου Τραμπ, επομένως πριν από τον Ιούλιο 2025 και συνεχίζει να αναγράφεται στο δασμολόγιο των ΗΠΑ.

Δασμολογικές κατηγορίες ελληνικού ενδιαφέροντος που εξαιρούνται του δασμού 10%

Επιβαρύνονται μόνο με δασμό MFN

Κατάταξη βάσει δασμολογικής κλάσης

 

Δασμ. Κλάση

Περιγραφή

Αξία €, έτος 2025

0709.99.10

 Fresh or chilled fiddlehead ferns.

                   4.530

0713.33.10

 Dried kidney beans/white pea beans, shelled, for seeds.

               386.938

0801.11.00

 Desiccated coconuts, dried.

                      132

0801.21.00

 Brazil nuts, in shell, fresh or dried.

                        15

0801.22.00

 Brazil nuts, shelled, fresh or dried.

                      320

0801.32.00

 Cashew nuts, shelled, fresh or dried.

                      154

0802.41.00

 Chestnuts, in shell, fresh or dried.

                 21.809

0802.42.00

 Chestnuts, shelled, fresh or dried.

                      116

0810.50.00

 Kiwifruit, fresh.

          47.333.207

0811.90.50

 Frozen papayas, cooked or uncooked.

                      538

0901.11.00

 Coffee, not roasted, not decaffeinated.

               116.679

0901.21.00

 Coffee, roasted, not decaffeinated.

            1.343.841

0901.22.00

 Coffee, roasted, decaffeinated.

                      183

0902.30.00

 Black tea (fermented/partially fermented), immediate packings not exceeding 3 kg.

                 24.300

0902.40.00

 Black tea (fermented/partially fermented), immediate packings exceeding 3 kg.

                   3.927

0904.11.00

 Pepper of the genus Piper, dried, neither crushed nor ground.

                 33.695

0904.12.00

 Pepper of the genus Piper, crushed or ground.

                 45.919

0905.10.00

 Vanilla beans, neither crushed nor ground.

                        31

0905.20.00

 Vanilla beans, crushed or ground.

                      863

0906.11.00

 Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume), neither crushed nor ground.

                      192

0906.19.00

 Other cinnamon and cinnamon-tree flowers, neither crushed nor ground.

                        21

0906.20.00

 Cinnamon and cinnamon-tree flowers, crushed or ground.

                        70

0908.31.00

 Cardamoms, neither crushed nor ground.

                        13

0908.32.00

 Cardamoms, crushed or ground.

                   1.434

0909.22.00

 Seeds of coriander, crushed or ground.

                      471

0909.61.00

 Seeds of anise, badian, caraway, fennel, or juniper berries, unground.

                      313

0910.11.00

 Ginger, neither crushed nor ground.

                        88

0910.12.00

 Ginger, crushed or ground.

                      336

0910.30.00

 Turmeric (curcuma).

                      301

0910.99.10

 Thyme, ground.

                        25

0910.99.50

 Dill seed.

                   5.560

1001.11.00

 Durum wheat, seed.

                 31.161

1106.20.90

 Flour/meal/powder of sago or roots/tubers of heading 0714 (except cassava).

                      266

1207.21.00

 Cotton seeds, seed.

                      952

1207.70.00

 Melon seeds.

                   1.947

1209.30.00

 Seeds of herbaceous plants cultivated principally for their flowers.

                      631

1209.91.80

 Other vegetable seeds (excluding specific listed types), for sowing.

               182.034

1521.10.00

 Vegetable waxes (e.g., carnauba), whether or not refined or colored.

                   3.053

1701.99.10

 Other refined granulated sugar, within quota.

                 54.086

1801.00.00

 Cocoa beans, whole or broken, raw or roasted.

                   1.121

1802.00.00

 Cocoa shells, husks, skins, and other cocoa waste.

                      363

1803.20.00

 Cocoa paste, wholly or partly defatted.

                   2.036

1805.00.00

 Cocoa powder, not containing added sugar or sweetening matter.

                   2.160

2007.99.50

 Other berry jams, jellies, or marmalades, cooked preparations.

               225.236

2008.99.45

 Peaches (excluding nectarines), otherwise prepared or preserved.

                   2.940

2101.20.20

 Extracts, essences, and concentrates of tea or maté.

                        45

2519.90.10

 Fused magnesia and dead-burned magnesia.

                 39.435

2601.20.00

 Roasted iron pyrites.

                   1.381

2620.30.00

 Slag, ash, and residues containing mainly copper.

                      536

2701.11.00

 Anthracite coal, whether or not pulverized, but not agglomerated.

                      735

2703.00.00

 Peat (including peat litter), whether or not agglomerated.

               158.422

2707.50.00

 Other aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures distilling over 65% at 250°C.

                      115

2710.12.25

 Finished motor gasoline, conventional, unleaded.

                 12.810

2710.12.45

 Aviation gasoline.

                   5.641

2710.12.90

 Other light oils and preparations from petroleum or bituminous minerals.

                   6.286

2710.19.25

 Jet fuel, kerosene-type.

                      240

2710.91.00

 Waste oils, containing polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) or PCTs.

                      480

2711.11.00

 Liquefied natural gas (LNG).

     1.124.746.216

2711.19.00

 Other liquefied petroleum gases and gaseous hydrocarbons.

                      894

2711.29.00

 Other petroleum gases in gaseous state.

                 16.635

2713.11.00

 Petroleum coke, not calcined.

          22.910.245

2713.12.00

 Petroleum coke, calcined.

          20.941.907

2713.20.00

 Petroleum bitumen.

          16.223.410

2714.10.00

 Bituminous or oil shale and tar sands.

                      316

2714.90.00

 Asphalt and bitumen, natural; asphaltites and asphaltic rocks.

                        82

2715.00.00

 Bituminous mixtures based on natural asphalt, mineral tar, or petroleum bitumen.

                 26.576

2801.20.00

 Iodine.

                   1.438

2804.30.00

 Nitrogen.

                   8.971

2804.61.00

 Silicon, containing by weight not less than 99.99% of silicon.

                      523

2814.10.00

 Anhydrous ammonia.

                        51

2815.20.00

 Potassium hydroxide (caustic potash).

                   2.410

2816.10.00

 Hydroxide and peroxide of magnesium.

                 39.217

2817.00.00

 Zinc oxide; zinc peroxide.

               949.791

2818.20.00

 Aluminum oxide (excluding artificial corundum).

                 62.695

2818.30.00

 Aluminum hydroxide.

            3.200.242

2820.10.00

 Manganese dioxide.

                          9

2821.10.00

 Iron oxides and hydroxides.

                      398

2823.00.00

 Titanium oxides.

                   4.466

2833.25.00

 Sulfates of copper.

               153.415

2849.90.30

 Tungsten carbide.

                        51

2853.90.10

 Cyanogen chloride.

                      389

2853.90.90

 Other inorganic compounds; liquid air; chemically pure amalgams.

                          1

2936.21.00

 Vitamin A and its derivatives, unmixed.

                 28.810

2936.23.00

 Vitamin B2 and its derivatives, unmixed.

                      242

2936.25.00

 Vitamin B6 and its derivatives, unmixed.

                      253

2936.26.00

 Vitamin B12 and its derivatives, unmixed.

                        10

2936.27.00

 Vitamin C and its derivatives, unmixed.

                        32

2936.28.00

 Vitamin E and its derivatives, unmixed.

                      125

2937.19.00

 Other pituitary or adrenal cortex hormones and derivatives.

               992.860

2937.21.00

 Cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisone, and prednisolone.

                   2.319

2937.22.00

 Halogenated derivatives of corticosteroidal hormones.

                 54.828

2937.50.00

 Prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.

                      970

2939.30.00

 Caffeine and its salts.

                      330

2939.59.00

 Other theophylline and aminophylline derivatives.

                      726

3002.12.00

 Antisera and other blood fractions.

                 72.909

3002.13.00

 Immunology products, unmixed, not put up in measured doses.

                      524

3002.14.00

 Immunology products, mixed, not put up in measured doses.

                   8.461

3002.15.00

 Immunology products, put up in measured doses or retail packing.

            1.114.482

3002.42.00

 Vaccines for veterinary medicine.

               452.187

3002.49.00

 Other toxins, cultures of micro-organisms, and similar products.

               214.042

3002.51.00

 Cell cultures for human medical therapies.

                      256

3002.59.00

 Other diagnostic or therapeutic cell cultures.

                 39.761

3002.90.10

 Ferment cultures.

                 76.736

3003.10.00

 Medicaments containing penicillins or streptomycins, un-dosed bulk.

                   7.206

3003.20.00

 Medicaments containing other antibiotics, un-dosed bulk.

                      557

3004.20.00

 Medicaments containing other antibiotics, formulated/packaged for retail.

                   3.478

3004.39.00

 Medicaments containing other hormones, for retail.

                 43.470

3004.49.00

 Medicaments containing other alkaloids, for retail.

                          6

3101.00.00

 Animal or vegetable fertilizers, mixed together or chemically treated.

                 25.477

3105.10.00

 Fertilizers in tablets or similar forms or in packages gross weight <= 10 kg.

                 28.595

3105.59.00

 Other mineral/chemical fertilizers containing nitrogen and phosphorus.

                 11.465

3105.60.00

 Mineral or chemical fertilizers containing phosphorus and potassium.

                 47.386

3206.11.00

 Pigments and preparations based on titanium dioxide (>= 80% TiO2).

                      234

3206.19.00

 Other pigments and preparations based on titanium dioxide.

                        11

4001.10.00

 Natural rubber latex, whether or not prevulcanized.

                      118

4001.22.00

 Technically specified natural rubber (TSNR).

                      131

4001.29.00

 Other natural rubber in primary forms or in plates, sheets, or strip.

                      205

4703.11.00

 Unbleached coniferous chemical wood pulp, soda or sulfate.

                   1.113

4703.21.00

 Semi-bleached or bleached coniferous chemical wood pulp, soda or sulfate.

            9.304.510

4703.29.00

 Semi-bleached or bleached non-coniferous chemical wood pulp.

               980.205

6309.00.00

 Worn clothing and other worn textile articles, packaged in bulk.

                 44.047

7110.41.00

 Iridium, osmium, and ruthenium, unwrought or in powder form.

                      314

7118.90.00

 Gold coins or other legal tender coins (excluding collectors’ items).

                   2.036

7204.10.00

 Waste and scrap of cast iron.

                 19.165

7204.29.00

 Other waste and scrap of alloy steel (excluding stainless steel).

                 46.500

7402.00.00

 Unrefined copper; copper anodes for electrolytic refining.

                 25.544

7403.21.00

 Copper-zinc base alloys (brass), unwrought.

                        61

7403.22.00

 Copper-tin base alloys (bronze), unwrought.

                   4.573

7502.20.00

 Nickel alloys, unwrought.

                 11.597

8001.20.00

 Tin alloys, unwrought.

                        66

8104.11.00

 Magnesium, containing at least 99.8% by weight of magnesium, unwrought.

            1.315.405

8104.19.00

 Other unwrought magnesium alloys.

                      628

8104.30.00

 Magnesium raspings, turnings, and granules, graded by size; powders.

                   6.655

8104.90.00

 Other manufactured articles of magnesium.

                        99

8105.90.00

 Other manufactured articles of cobalt.

                 13.989

8108.90.30

 Titanium plates, sheets, strip, and foil.

                   1.252

8110.90.00

 Other manufactured articles of antimony.

                   1.996

8112.29.00

 Other manufactured articles of chromium.

                      692

8471.49.00

 Other digital automatic data processing systems entered in the form of a system.

                 14.196

8471.60.70

 Computer optical scanners and magnetic ink recognition readers.

                 84.778

8471.70.20

 Optical disk drive storage units (CD/DVD drives).

                      581

8471.70.30

 Solid state storage drive units (SSDs).

                      196

8471.70.50

 Other data storage units.

                   5.427

8471.90.00

 Other automatic data processing machinery not elsewhere specified.

                 54.621

8473.30.20

 Computer housings, cases, and structural parts.

                 17.500

8486.20.00

 Machine apparatus for the manufacture of semiconductor devices or integrated circuits.

                   7.011

8486.40.00

 Machine apparatus specified in note 11(C) to this chapter (electronic assembly).

               279.000

8486.90.00

 Parts and accessories for semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

                   2.789

8517.13.00

 Smartphones for cellular or other wireless networks.

                   7.677

8517.62.00

 Machines for the reception, conversion, and transmission/regeneration of voice, images, or data.

            3.578.292

8524.12.00

 Flat panel display modules, organic light-emitting diode (OLED).

                      145

8524.19.00

 Other flat panel display modules (excluding LCD and OLED).

                   1.015

8524.92.00

 Flat panel display modules with drivers/control circuits, OLED.

                   2.275

8524.99.00

 Other miscellaneous flat panel display configurations.

                      366

8541.10.00

 Diodes, other than photosensitive or light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

                      205

8541.21.00

 Transistors, other than photosensitive, with a dissipation rate of less than 1 watt.

                      283

8541.29.00

 Transistors, other than photosensitive, with a dissipation rate of 1 watt or more.

                      377

8541.30.00

 Thyristors, diacs, and triacs, other than photosensitive devices.

                 38.615

8541.41.00

 Light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

                   2.351

8541.51.00

 Semiconductor-based transducers.

                   1.237

8541.59.00

 Other advanced semiconductor devices.

                   4.940

8541.90.00

 Parts for diodes, transistors, and semiconductor devices.

                   1.967

8542.90.00

 Parts for electronic integrated circuits.

            1.132.712

9030.82.00

 Instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking semiconductor wafers or devices.

                 21.993

9031.41.00

 Optical instruments and appliances for inspecting semiconductor wafers or devices.

                   1.727

9701.21.00

 Paintings, drawings, and pastels, executed entirely by hand, over 100 years old.

                 14.459

9701.91.00

 Paintings, drawings, and pastels, executed entirely by hand, 100 years old or less.

            1.484.090

9701.92.00

 Original engravings, prints, and lithographs, 100 years old or less.

                 10.000

9701.99.00

 Other miscellaneous modern artwork or framing mosaics.

               491.982

9702.10.00

 Original engravings, prints, and lithographs, over 100 years old.

                   5.686

9702.90.00

 Original engravings, prints, and lithographs, 100 years old or less.

                 57.939

9703.10.00

 Original sculptures and statuary, in any material, over 100 years old.

                   1.680

9703.90.00

 Original sculptures and statuary, 100 years old or less.

            1.231.293

9704.00.00

 Postage or revenue stamps, stamp-postmarks, first-day covers, and stamp-stationery.

                 10.921

9705.10.00

 Collections and collectors’ pieces of archaeological, ethnographic, or historical interest.

               615.000

9705.29.00

 Other biological, mineralogical, or paleontological collection items.

                      358

9705.31.00

 Numismatic (coin) collections and pieces, of legal tender, prior to 1700.

               108.676

9705.39.00

 Other numismatic (coin) collections and collectors’ pieces.

                 51.391

9706.10.00

 Antiques of an age exceeding 250 years.

                   1.200

9706.90.00

 Antiques of an age exceeding 100 years but not exceeding 250 years.

                        23

Πηγή: ΕΛΣΤΑΤ, US Federal Registry, Επεξεργασία: Γραφείο ΟΕΥ Ουάσιγκτων

 
   

Πέραν των προϊόντων υδρογονανθράκων, τα ακτινίδια, με ύψος εξαγωγών €47,3 εκ. το 2025, ήταν το σημαντικότερο προϊόν που εξαιρείται του νέου δασμού.

Σημείωση: o ανωτέρω κατάλογος περιέχει μόνον τις δασμολογικές κλάσεις, στις οποίες πραγματοποιήθηκαν ελληνικές εξαγωγές το 2025, και όχι το σύνολο των κλάσεων που εξαιρούνται εισαγωγικού δασμού 10%.

Σε ό,τι αφορά τις δασμολογικές κατηγορίες που αναφέρονται στο Μέρος C του Παραρτήματος ΙΙ, που εξαιρούνται του δασμού 10%, ειδικά για την ΕΕ, σε καμμία από αυτές δεν είχαμε ελληνικές εξαγωγές το 2025.

 Άλλες κατηγορίες προϊόντων που εξαιρούνται του δασμού 10%

Πέραν των συγκεκριμένων δασμολογικών κλάσεων, εξαιρούνται του δασμού 10%, οι εξής κατηγορίες:

  • Aεροσκάφη πολιτικής αεροπορίας, οι μηχανές και τα μέρη ή ανταλλακτικά τους, εξομοιωτές πτήσης και τα μέρη τους.
  • Φάρμακα.
    (Για την συγκεκριμένη κατηγορία εισαγωγών, καθώς είναι ελληνικού ενδιαφέροντος, θα επανέλθουμε με νεώτερο αναλυτικό έγγραφό μας).
  • Επιβατηγά οχήματα και ελαφρά φορτηγά, και μέρη αυτών.
  • Βαρειά οχήματα (φορτηγά, λεωφορεία, κλπ), και μέρη αυτών.
  • Προϊόντα ξύλου
  • Ημιαγωγοί

Κατηγορίες προϊόντων με μεγαλύτερη δασμολογική επιβάρυνση από 10%

Διατηρούνται εν ισχύ, οι υψηλότεροι δασμοί (25%-50%) που έχουν επιβληθεί σε προϊόντα χαλκού, σιδήρου – χάλυβα και αλουμίνου, καθώς και στα παράγωγα αυτών.

Συντάκτης: Διονύσης Πρωτοπαπάς, Γενικός Σύμβουλος ΟΕΥ Β΄

Προηγούμενο άρθροΔελτία γεωργικών προειδοποιήσεων ολοκληρωμένης φυτοπροστασίας στη βαμβακοκαλλιέργεια